peters



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JAMES w. ooseo'ongo'r ooLnMEns, onta AssieNoETo HIMSELE AND s. v. E. CARPENTER, or SAME PLAGE.A

Lenen Paraninfo. 76,341, ma AWT 7,1868.

IMPEovEn YBEI cK-,MAmnNEL To ALL WHoM Ir MAY coEoEEN: Y

Be it known that I, JAMES W. OSGOOD, o f Columbus, in the county of Franklin, and State of Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for MakingBl-icks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clearyand exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specication, in which-#- Figure 1, sheetl, is an elevation of one side of the improved machine complete.A

Figure 2, sheet-1, is a top view"of the machinewith a portion of thecrown of the filling-box broken away, to show the fillingcam andvwiper. y i I Figure 3, sheet 1, is a transverse section taken in the vertical plane indicated by red line :n a: in fig. 1.

Figure 4, sheet 1, is a transverse section'taken in the vertical plane indicated by red line y y in iig. 1.

Figure 5, sheet 2, is longitudinal section'tak'en in aY vertical .planethrough the centre of the machine.

Figure 6, sheet 2, isia horizontal section through Athe mould-wheel andiilling-boxi Figure 7, sheet 2, is a view `in detail of the hingedplatenand a-portion of the mould-wheel, showing the manner of stretching cloth over the face ofthe said platen to prevent clay from-adhering to it'.

Figure 8, sheet k3', is-a transverse section taken inthe vertical'plane indicated in iig. l by red line ze.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral figures. v

'lhisfinventon relates to'certain. novel improvements on that class'of brick-makingmachinery for making pressed bricks, wherein 'a horizontalV pug-rnillisV employed, in conjunction with a. revolving polygonal drum, having rectangular mould cavities in its periuneter,v which consecutively receive the clay at one point and discharge' it at another point in the fcrmjof compressed bricks'. I

The nature' of myy inventiontconsists'in interposing between a pug-mill or feeding-device, and an intermittent revolving mouldsdrurn, a revolving iillingLca-.m and va wiper, which areiso constructed 'an'doperated that during the reposes of the.moulddrnm,'after each-operation of discharging thebricks from some of its moulds,

said flling-cam'will forcibly press the clay intothe mould-boxesorcells in front of it,` atthe same time leaving a space inthe mass of clay in the filling-boxl which. will prevent the clay from crowding against the nouldldr'um while in motion, as will be hereinafter described. 4 i v It also consist-s in preventing the clay, which is beingmoved forward in the pug-mill to the filling-box, from 'entering this latter box, so as'to obstruct the motions of the filling-cam aridvwiper, by the employment of afguard or division-plate above the shaft of the pug-mill, which will cause all the clay topass beneath it in' a position to be carried forward to the moulds'by the filler; and beneath the axis thereof, as will be hereinafter described. I

It also c onsis'ts'in' providing the iiller with a wiper, w'hich will operate upon the upper face of the former, `and prevent the clay from being carried-backward andaround with thge filler, as will be hereinafter' described. It alsoconsists in the employment of a knife `which will descend and vseparate the ,clay which has beenv forced int-o the mouldcellsfrom-Ythat whichis left in t,heiiilling-box, after each filling operation, and then sud--V denly rise out of lthe way during the movement of the mould-drum or wheehland the succeeding filling operation, as will be hereinafter described.

It also consists in providing means which will prevent the followers or pistons which work inthe mould-l cells frorn binding and working hard therein,by attaching the centralfollower of each 'gang rigidly to its guidehar, and having the other followers of the same gang attachedjloosely to said bar, as will be hereinafter described.

It also consists in the employment of a platen, in conjunction with devices which will compress the clay, while in the moulds, against said platen when the'latter is brought up squarely and held firmly against the mould-wheel, for the purpose of compressing theclay preparatory to discharging it from the mould-wheel in the form of bricks, as will be hereinafter described; said platen being hung in such manner that it will accommodate itself to the surfaces of the mould-wheel around the moulds, and always lit snugly against said surfaces when forced up to its place.

lit also consists in a certain arrangement of cams and compressing-devices, in conjunction with a movable platten and an intermittent rotating mould-wheel or drum, whereby'the platen will be vfirmly held against the mould-wheel over the moulds 'duri-ng the operationhof the cam-pressing devices, and also in compressing the clay .in the moulds during the rctrocession of' these devices, as will be hereinafter describedn It also consists in a yielding receiving-board, which is arranged beneath the mou1d-drum in such manner as to receive 'the bricks as they are extended therefrom .anddescend bythe weight ofthe bricks upon it, thereby Vsupporting the bricks during this operation, and preventing them frcm dropping or otherwise becoming injured, as wiiibe hereinafter described. l

To enable othersskilled in the art to understand lmyinvention, Twill describe its construction and operation. In the accompanyingdrawings, A. represents the frame of the machine, which is adapted for receiving andv supporting the `decrees which are employed in the operation of making bricks. Near one end of the frame A is the pug-mill, into'whichV the claypis put through a hopper, A3, to be fed up to the filling-box, and from thence forced into themoulds. z Previously to putting: the clay into the pug-mill it is properly moistcned, worked, and tempered, so that the'pug-mill of the brick-moulding machine shall not have this preliminary work to do. This mili consists of a hollowfcylinderwi, arranged in a horizontal plane, and seeured'in place upon frame A. One

of the upper sections, AX, ofy this cylinder is removable, forV the purpose of obtaining access -to its interior .Should anything therein require attention, A2 is schaft-'arranged inthe centre of cylinder A1, and supported in 'Apart .by the end -of framed, and in partbythe cross-bridge a, which latter is arranged near the filling-box B,as`showng|in iig. 5. 4.The -shaft'A't carries a number of radial arms, Aarranged in any suitable manner so Las. tov propel the clay fromjthe' hopperinto the iliing-'box B. The largespur-wheel A5, on the propelier-shaft A2, receives :notion from` a pinion spur-wheel, LX, on the longitudinal main driving-shaft L, as shown, in gs.. ll and 2.

From the pug-mill the clay is forced slowly, and in suitable quantities, into the Elling-box B, through a space. which is below a vertieai transverse guard'platfey al, shown in iig. 3. This box is rectangular in crosssection, and in longitudinal sectionit converges toward the mould-drum D, against the periphery of. which its :vertical sides land bottom plato abut. A v i' The edge ofthe upper plate'or-crown of this box'is formed as shown in'iig. 5, so as toY abut snugly against the face of awide reciprocating knife, G, thn's preventing' clay from being forced out of the'illing-oox at its joints. Thebottom section, c, of this box B, is coniinedinplaee by transverse clamping-bolts, c5, by removing Whichihesaid section can be taken Aout andaccess had to the interior of the box B.

Within the filling-box is a revolving iiller,'.B1, which is upon a horizontaltransverse shaft, a3, figs., 2, 4, 5, and 6.5 Shaft as has its bearingsupon frame A,.and receives ai rotary motion from main shaft L,`through the medium of the bevelled spur-wheels L1, J, as shown in figs. 1 and t2. I The filler is in the formhof a. thick-curved blade, its convex surface being that surface which is presentedto'the clay, and 'which receives the clay from the blades 'A4 of the pug-mill, and forces it forward and into the mouldso'r brick'ceils d d, in thev wheelD.. Above this iillerrBu'is ahladaBz, which .is appliedto, arms BX upon ahorizontal rocksliaft,'a2, within the filling-box. The blade Bz is designed to wipeor scrape the clay from the convex surface of th-eiille'r B1, as the latterrises, after filling a set ofmould-cells, and also. to prevent this filler from pressing any clay backward. In iig. 5 the wip'enblade B2 is representedin a position where the iller is just about toleave it', the former 'having prevented any c lay from being carried upward and backward by the latter. In order to have the wiper descend atthe proper time upon tbepfiller, a toe, T, iig. 2, isfkeyed upon one end of the shaft a2, which isv struck by a cam, d', on the shaft a3, once in every revolution of this shaft. This am' and thetc'e a'roarranged in such manner that 'as soon as the filler commences to rise, the wiper will be forced down upon 'it-land' left to rise'` with-it.

By this arrangement ofea revolving-filling 'device between thepng-mill andthe mould-wheel, it will be seen thatv there will be `a space Aleft in' the mass of clay in the filling-box, after levery operation of thc ller,

which will prevent the lclay from being forced against the periphery ofthe mould4drut'n while thisvdrum is turning. The speed of thepropellers in the pug-mill and that of the ller should be such that the amount of clay vforced into the iling-bo'x will be the required quantity to iill, in a proper manner, each row of mouldboxes, as they. are silccessively presented t5 said box. e

It will be seen that-the convex or curved form given to the filler lB1 causes it to operate upon the principle of a press, at the same time that it forces the 'clay before it in'to'the rowsof mould-cells. This filler forces the` c'layforward and upward, but this upward tendency of the clay is prevented by the wiper B2, which alsoassists in the lling operationk by its arresting the clay in front of the mould-boxes or cells. As soon as the operation of lling the mould-cells ceases, a wide knife, C, descends through the clay,'and separates thc :lay which is inthe'mould-cells from the mass which is in ythe lling-box, after which this knife C quickly ascends', seas not to be` in the way when the mould-drum moves another row of cells in p'osition to be illed. This knife'is securedfast at its upper edge to a vertically-reciprocating cross-head, C, which moves in slotted guides C2, rising perpendicnlarly from the frame A, on each side of the lling-box,vwhich lguides are connected together at their upper ends by a cross-brace, O3, `as shown in iigs. 2,v 3, 4, and 5. To the extremities of the cross-head C?, pitman-rods C* are attached, which proceed downward beneath the box B, outside of it, and are connected to arms @projecting from atransverse rock-shaft, c1. This rock-shaftsl also carries un arm, c3, which has a .weight,e2, upon it, suiiicient to counterbalance 'the knife C, and allow this knife Onto' rise suddenly, when it has completed its werk. Onone end of the rock-shaft C1 an arm, R, is xed, shown in figs. 1 2, and-3, and to this arm a trippingdever, R2, is connected by a rod, Rlfshown in iig. 1.' Upon the inner side of the bevelwheel J a cam-pin or stud, S, is applied, so as to 'act u'pon said parts once in every revolutionof this Wheel. The pin first presses upon the arm R, and thus depresses the knife, after which it acts upon thc lever R3, and assists the weight C2 to throw'up the knife.

The polygonal mould-drum may be constructed with any-required' number of vtransverse rows of cells', d, i

in it, and any number of cells in a row,I according to the diameter and length required 'of it. That which I have represented inthe drawings has eight rws of mouldsor cells, and five cells in each row. These -cells oZ-UZ are made radially through the solid rimofthis wheel or drum, as shown in figs. 5, 6, and 8, and these cells are all provided with plungcrs or pistons Dl, the inner ends of which are attached to horizontal transverse bars D2, which work in radial slots d2, in the arms or heads of the cylinder. Thecentralplunger D1 cf each set or row of pluugers is secured fast vto its burly, and its pressing-head works snugly in its cell, vbut the other plungers D1 of each row are attached loosely to their bar D'`,`and their pressing-heads do not t so 'tightly in their respective cells. By this arrangement of fast and loose plnngers, the central or fast plungers act as guides for the others, which, being loose, lwill accommodate themselves to any variation inthe parallelisuiiof' the bars D2, and thus prevent binding or working 4hard in advancingvor receding toward and from the circumference 4of the drum D. i

The extremities of each plunger-bar D2 project through the radial slots di, to be acted upon by hooks H1 and t', as will be hereinafter described. And to the ends or" each slot di, or into the edge of each plungerbar, a set-.screw orother suitablei device maybe applied for J.regulating the capacity of the cells fr receiving the clay, by allowing the plungers to recede'more or less in their` cells, according to "the amount of stock required to be compressed into the bricks, and the thickness ofthe bricks required.V

The mould-'drum D receives an intermittent'motion about its axis from a horizontal transverse crank-shaft, G, which is supported upon that end of the frame opposite the end carrying. the pug-mill. i The two arms G7G7, which are arranged on `the sides of the drum D, and which vibrate lloosely upon the gudgeons D DXof this drum, corry spring-latchA pins p2, which are fixed tothe upper ends of the 'springs p7 on arms G7, and pass t through these arms, as shown inv. S. These pins-pz catch into holes p, made concentrically in'the sides of the drum D, at regular intervals apart, and thus cause the arms G7 to move th'edrum the proper distanceat every forward stroke of these arms. The pinholes p are levelled in one direction, and the latch-pins p2 are also levelled, so that when the arms G7 move backward, they leave the drum Din the position'to which it was carried. The spring-pawl P, shown in'fi'gs. 2 andf, catches into the holesp in one side oi" the drum D, and 4prevents any liabilityof this-,drum being turned baokward'dur-ing tthe'op'eration of the machine. The upper ends of arms G7 G7 are b oth connected to a vertically-vibrating lever, G3, bymeans of the forkedpitman-rod G6, which rod or rods are adjustable, either by turn-buckles or otherwise, for shortening o r lengthening the throw of said arms, as may be required to compensa-te for any wearingof the parts. i

The lever G3 is 'pivoted at its 4lower end to atransverse rock-shaft, G4, aud connected, atan intermediate point between its ends, to the' crank Gf, on shaft G, by'means of pitman-rod'Gz, as clearly shown in iig. 5.

The crank-shaft Gr carries on one end abevel-spurwheel, k1, which engages with a pinion-spur wheel, N, on the main -shaft L; thus'tlfe crank-shaft G, aswell as the iller-shaft, and the shaft of the pug-mill, receive motion from said main shaft, and this crank-shaft makes' one revolution at every stroke of the drum D. This crank-shaft carries two short throw-cams, HX` HX, and two intermediate long-throw cams, f5f5, which latter operate upon yokes ffto force aplaten, F, against 'the iilledmould-cells, as these cells are successively moved around in front of the platen, and to hold the platen iirmly in' this position during the operation of the csmsllx to -eifect the compression ofthe clay -in the said cells. This platen is supported by pivoting its arms F1, aSlatf'to `shortfswing'jng arms-FZ, which are hung from the frame A, between stop-pinsff, as shown in iig. 5. By-thus supporting the platen it will accommodate itself tothe surface against which it isforced, and thus lit so snugly over the mould-cells as to `prevent clay from escapingthereform during` the pressing operation. This platen is also so hung vthat'it will fallback when the pressure of the cams against it is'- renioved. The nuts jz, on the short screw-rods, which connect the yokesf to the pins 7" on the platen, are designed for adjusting the lengthfoi' thesel rods for setting the platen to work squarely and properly.

The face of the platen next the drum D is first -covered with a sheet of. rubber, and over this a cloth'ris stretched, by' means of the rollersfl, and their ratchets and pawls, as shown in g; 7. The rnler backing prevents the-cloth vfrom beingcu't while pressing it forcibly against the edges ofthe 'mould-cells, and the cloth .prevents the clay from adhering tothe platen. v In practice, each one of the followers D will be faced with 'cloth to prevent the 'clay from adhering to it.

The cams HX HX act upon cross-heads 91,-. and adjusting-pins j, which-are applied to'yokesupon reciproeating press-rods H, as shown figs. 2,. 5,l and 6. These rods extend along the sid-es of the drum D in guides Hz- I-Iz, and have their ends hooked, as shown, for the purpose of taking hold of the projecting extremities of the plunger-barsDz, as these bars, with theirl respective mould-cells, come opposite the platen F, andmoving the plungers DI. toward the platen, thereby'compressing the clay.A l

The cams f5 and HX are so constructed and adjusted upon their shaft Gr that the platenrF'will dwell or remain inits place against the mould-drum during the compression ofthe clay in the cells, and until the hooked press-bars H recede and leave the bars D2 free, after which the platen will be allowed to fall back out oi' the way during the movement rof the mould-wheel. n

The screwsj and the cross-heads g', which `are applied to the yokes of the press-bars H, `are adjustable for the purpose of givingmore or less pressure to the clay in the moulds, and' for the purpose of compensating for any wearing away of the parts. v t

On thenouter end Vof the crank-shaft G, next the bevel-spur wheel K', is a cam, k, which operates upon rolling-studsk k upon the side of a slotted bar, K, vand Vgives an'intermittentendwise motion thereto. This bar K is pivoted tothe upper end of an arm, I, which is keyed on oneend of a horizontal transverse shaft, I., arrangedbelow the mould-drum,'as shown in gs. 1.and'5.` Shaft I has two arms Il projecting from it, and extend'. ing alongside of the druinl), on both sides thereof, and to the ends ofthese arms Il, hooked rods z' are pivoted,

which are suitably guided 'in rertical lines. The hooked rods it', shown clearly in iig. 8, are arranged below' the axis of the ldrum D,in such relation to the projecting ends of the plunger-bars'D2 of the iilledl moulds, as these moulds 'are successively brought to a position `for discharging the bricks, that 'the hooks on these arms will take hold of the ends of said bars D2, andcause an expulsion of the bricks from their mould-cells uponV a yielding platform, E, as shown in figs. 5 and 8.

rlliis operation of discharging the' bricks from the moulds talcesplace duringl theoperatonl of filling one set of moulds, and compressi-ng the clay in another set of moulds, 'while the mould-drum D remains at rest.

lThe hoard'i o r platform E is arranged trz'rnsverselya-cross the frame A, directly beneath the drum D, as clearly shown i tige. 5 and .8. u This board E. is sustained-in aplanc parallel to the airis of the drum D, and moves up and down between the perpendicular side-,plates El, which form a box for guiding the said board, and supporting the devices upon which it i's mounted. Near. oneend of the board E, a bracket, v, is secured, to its bottom side, through which alpin, el, passes, and to this pintwo curved armsfe are pivoted, the opposite ends of which bear upontbe frame A. Below the piue,'two curved arms' exare pivoted to the side-plates'E; El, and, at their'opposite ends, they bear'upward against a Jdxed pin, e3. These armse eX are connected together at the middle'of their length by means of apin, e2, as shown in. fig. 8. Thus it will be seen that the board E-is sup ported atene end by theends of the levers or arms e, and atl the other end by the upturned ends of the arms eX. The longspring E2, which is' securedat one end to frame A, 'presses upward at the other end against the pinee; consequently the boardV E willA be lallowed to rise and descend, and will be always h eld "in a horizontal plane by the levers or tongs e eX. The board E may be held -up by means of weights hung from cords attached to this board, or other equivalent means-may be employed for allowing this board to yield un'derpressure. In practice, the pressure byl which the board E is held up'should be such that it will be overcome or counteracted bythe weight of the bricks -discharged upon it fromV each row or set of mould-cells, and this Aboard shoul'd be arranged suiiiciently close'to the periphery ofthe drum; D to receive the bricks upon` it during the act of expelling these bricks from the mould-cells, not only .to preventthe bricksfrom dropping upon said boardbut also to afford asupport for them during their discharge from theiromoulds. A

The widelvertically-reciprocating knife C, which is used for separating the clay forced into the moulds from that-left 'inthe filling-box B, vmay be provided with means for keeping o ne-or both surfaces well oiled, so that this knife shall not adhere'to the clay, nor cause undue friction in rising and descending. This may b e done vby arranging an oil-box just above the point where the crown of th'eiilling-case touches the knife'` and suitably packing this'box .`so as to allow it to hold'oil, and supplyit-to both sidcsof the knife as this knife reciprocates.

Tbefbricks are received', as they are expelled fromv the mould-drum, upon" carrying-boards, which .are of such 'length as` to receive upon it the several bricks of Yeach set of moulds, and the empty boards are pushed under the mould-drum'as fast as they are required; and the filled boards are removed from the opposite side of this drum. i

Havingdescribed my invention, what-I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1.`A revolving feeding-cam B1, applied within a filling-box B: and yinterposed between a pug-mill and a rotary'tnould-drum, substantially as and for the'purpose described.' I

2. A reciprocating knife, C, arranged in combination with the lill-er Bl and the movable mould-wheel, substautiallyas and for thev purpose described.

3. wiperlor scraper, B2, in combination with a filler, operating' substantially as described.

4. The guard or division-plate a1,in lcombination with a horizontal cylindrc pug-'mill and illing-b6x,

` arranged substantially in the manner and for the purposev described.

`5. Securing the central follower Dl 'of each gang or series ofi mould-cells d rigidly to b a-r D2, and having the other followers'of the same gang-attachedfloosely to said bar, forthepurpose of preventing the followers from working hard or binding in 4their mould-cells, substantially as described.

6. A platen, F, hung by means. of arms F2, which are pivoted to the frame A, and jointed, as atf, to arms F1 of the platen, so `that the face of this Aplaten shall t squarely against Ithe mould-drum D, notwithstanding -that the'platen swings cn a pivot or pivots, substantially as described. l

fi. Providing the'platen F with cloth' rollers f1, ratchet-wheels f?, and pawls f3, substantially as described. 8. Effecting the compression and condensation of the clay in vthe mould-cells, by means of reciprocating hooked press-rods H-acting upon Vthe extremities of thefollowerfbars D2, in combination with a platen F, said` bars H and platen F being operated by means of cams upon a crank-shaft, G, substantially as described.

9. 4The arrangement of the expelling-hooks and the specified mechanism for operating these hooks, to wit, the cam k, lyoke K, and belllcrank ,Il I2, substantially as described.

10. The combination and arrangement-'of devices specified, whereby the mould-drumv D, theplaten F, the press-bars H, and the expelling-hooks are loperated from a single shaft, G, substantially as described.

11. Theeombination and arrangementof the cam HX and f5, the crank-shaft G,levcr G3, press-rods H, mould-drum D, and platen F,lsubstantially as and for the purpose described. `.12. vThe'adjustable cross-head yl and adjusting-pin j, applied to the yoke of each one of the pressing-rods H, substantially as described.

'18. VA yielding receiving-platform, E, constructed and arranged beneath the mould-drum D, and supported in such a manner as to receive the bricks as they are expelled from said drum. anddescendand yield under the weight of' the bricks, substantially-as described.-

f JAMES W. OSGOOD. Witnesses:

JOHN H. Hnms,

G. SANDFORD. 

